نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگاه مواد و انرژی، پژوهشکده نانوفناوری و مواد پیشرفته

2 پژوهشگاه مواد و انرژی، پژوهشکده نانوفناوری و مواد پیشرفته، کرج

چکیده

هدف از اجرای این کار، سنتز و بررسی آفت کش گیاهی نانوامولسیون شده به منظور افزایش کارآیی و کاهش مصرف سموم شیمیایی می باشد. در این تحقیق از اسانس گیاهی زیره که سازگار با محیط زیست می باشد و باعث آلودگی محیط زیست و محصولات کشاورزی نمی شود، بجای آفت کش طبیعی استفاده شد. برای تهیه نانوامولسیون ها، اثر چندین پارامتر از جمله میزان درصد ماده سورفاکتانت، زمان سونیکاسیون و غلظت اسانس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به منظور بررسی پایداری نانوامولسیون ها، آزمایشات متفاوتی مانند شفافیت نوری، اندازه گیری ویسکوزیته، pH، هدایت الکتریکی بر روی نمونه ها انجام شد. همچنین سایز و مورفولوژی نمونه ها بوسیله آنالیز پراکندگی نور دینامیکی و میکروسکوپ الکترونی عبوری بررسی شد. نتایج حاصله نشان داد که نانوامولسیون های سنتزشده در غلظت های 1 تا 5 درصد دارای پایداری مناسبی بوده (بررسی در مدت 14 ماه)، متوسط اندازه نانوامولسیون های سنتز شده 15 نانومتر می باشند. تست های آفت کشی بر روی نمونه های نانوامولسیون سنتز شده بر پایه اسانس گیاهی زیره، سمیت تماسی علیه شته جالیز (ppm  3461.91= LC50) نشان داد که این سمیت با افزایش غلظت، افزایش معنی داری را بیان می نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Synthesis, Characterization and Investigation of Properties of Nanoemulsion Persian Cumin Essential Oil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojgan Heydari 1
  • Mozhgan Bagheri 2

1 Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran

2 Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

The aim of this research is to synthesize and study on a nanoemulsion bio-organic pesticide for higher efficiency and reducing chemical pesticide use.  In this research, Persian Cumin essential oil were used, which can be applied as bio-organic pesticide and they are biocompatible, harmless to human beings and also animals; do not cause environmental pollution and agricultural products. Then various parameters of surfactant concentration, essential oil percentage, and sonication time were studied in order to prepare nanoemulsion systems. In order to study on physical stability of different nanoemulsion formulations, optical clarity, viscosity, pH and conductivity were measured. The size and morphology of nanoemulsion formulations were then analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the nanoemulsions  in concentration ranges of 1 to 5 %  were stable (study during 14 months) and the mean droplets size of synthesized nanoemulsios was about 15 nm. Pesticide experiments showed that contact toxicity LC50 of synthesized nanoemulsion against Aphis gossypii was obtained 3461.91 ppm, which demonstrated a significant increase in pesticide activity with increasing essential oil concentration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Green Pesticide
  • Persian cumin
  • Nanoemulsion
  • Surfactant
  • Ultrasonic
  1. 1.         Curtis, C., Lines, J., Lu, B., Renz, A., Natural and Synthetic Repellents. In: Curtis, C.F. (Ed.), Appropriate Technology in Vector Control. 1989, CRC Press, Florida. Chapter 4.

    1. Luz Stella Nerio, Jesus Olivero-Verbel, Elena Stashenko, Repellent Activity of Essential Oils: A Review, Bioresource Technology 101 (2010) 372–378.
    2. Opender Koul, Suresh Walia, G. S. Dhaliwa. Essential Oils as Green Pesticides: Potential and Constraints. Biopesticides International 2008; 4(1): 63-84.
    3. Franck E. Dayan, Charles L. Cantrell, Stephen O. Duke. Natural Products in Crop Protection. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 2009; 17(1): 4022-4034.
    4. Bhupinder Singh Sekhon. Nanotechnology in Agri-food Production: an Overview. Nanotechnology, Science and Applications 2014; 7(1): 31-53.
    5. Jhones Luiz de Oliveira, Estefânia Vangelie Ramos Campos, Mansi Bakshi, P.C. Abhilash, Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto. Application of Nanotechnology for the Encapsulation of Botanical Insecticides for Sustainable Agriculture: Prospects and Promises. Biotechnology Advances 2014; 32(1): 1550-1561.
    6. Fradin, M.S., Day, J.F., Comparative Efficacy of Insect Repellents against Mosquito Bites, N. Engl. J. Med. 347 (2002) 13–18.
    7. Baker Jr., J. R., Wright, D. C., Hayes, M. M., Hamouda, T., Brisker, J., Method for Inactivating Bacteria Including Bacterial Spores, U. S. Patent # 6015832, (2000).
    8. Manjit Jaiswal, Rupesh Dudhe, P. K. Sharma, Nanoemulsion: An Advanced Mode of Drug Delivery System, 3 Biotech, 2014, 1-5.
    9. Heni Rachmawati, Dewa Ken Budiputra, and Rachmat Mauludin, Curcumin Nanoemulsion for Transdermal Application: Formulation and Evaluation, Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, (2014), 1-7.
    10. Conxita Solans, Isabel Solé, Nano-emulsions: Formation by Low-energy Methods, Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 17 (2012) 246-254.
    11. Vijayalakshmi Ghosh, Amitava Mukherjee, Natarajan Chandrasekaran, Ultrasonic Emulsification of Food-Grade Nanoemulsion Formulation and Evaluation of its Bactericidal Activity, Ultrasonic Sonochemistry, 20 (2013): 338-344.
    12. Luz Sanguansri, Christine M. Oliver, Fernando Leal-Calderon, Nanoemulsion Technology for Delivery of Nutraceuticals and Functional-Food Ingredients, Bio-Nanotechnology: A Revolution in Food, Biomedical and Health Sciences, First Edition, John Wiley & Sons, (2013) 667-696.
    13. Rakshapal Singha, Sumit K. Sonib, Rajendra P. Patela, Alok Kalrab, “Technology for Improving Essential Oil Yield of Ocimum Basilicum L. (Sweet Basil) by Application of Bioinoculant Colonized Seeds under Organic Field Conditions”, Industrial Crops and Products, 45 (2013) 335-342.
    14. S. Sugumar, S.K. Clarke, M.J. Nirmala1, B.K. Tyagi, A. Mukherjee, N. Chandrasekaran, Nanoemulsion of Eucalyptus Oil and its Larvicidal Activity Against Culex Quinquefasciatus, Bulletin of Entomological Research (2014) 104, 393–402.
    15. Syed Zafar Haider, Manindra Mohan, Sunil Sah, Richa Seth, "Comparative Study on Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Juniperus Wallichiana Essential Oils Against Clinical Isolates", Medicinal Plants, 5(2), (2013): 90-95.
    16. Grinnan R, Carter TE, Johnson MTJ. Effects of Drought, Temperature, Herbivory and Genotype on Plant–insect Interactions in Soybean (Glycine max). Arthropod-Plant Interactions 2013; 7: 201-215.
    17. Duck, J.A. Handbook of Phytochemical Constituents of GRAS Herbs and Other Economic Plants, 2nd ed. USA, Florida: CRC Press; 2001.
    18. Myers D. Surfactant Science and Technology, 3rd ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons; 2006.
    19. Tadros T. Emulsion Formation and Stability, 1st ed. Wheinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.; 2013.
    20. Abbott W.S. A Method of Computing the Effectiveness of Insecticide.  Journal of  Economic Entomology.18 (2), (1925):  265-267.