Document Type : Original Reaearch Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Engineering, Department of Material Engineering, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

2 Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) , Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This article reports a simple and novel method to synthesize magnetic nanoparticles embedded into thermo-sensitive copolymers. To form a stabilized suspended core, Co-Zn ferrite nanoparticles synthesized through thermal decomposition method. Oleylamine as a surfactant used as hydrophobic agent at the surface of nanoparticles. Amphiphilic thermo-sensitive copolymer linked with magnetic nanoparticles. Composite of magnetic nanoparticles and polymers can be suspended in hydrophobic media. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) used as structural analysis to confirm spinel structure. Crystallite size of magnetic nanoparticles estimated by Rietveld refinement from XRD patterns. The particle diameters measured approximately 9±1 nm with TEM micrograph. Also, UV-visible used as a method to determine LCST temperature of nanoparticles. These novel magnetic thermo-responsive composite have potential applications in biomedical applications, such as, protein immobilization, hyperthermia cancer therapy and target drug delivery systems.
 

Keywords

[1]         Antipina, M.N., Sukhorukov, G.B., Remote control over guidance and release properties of composite polyelectrolyte based capsules, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2011, 63, 716–729.
[2]         Zhang, K., Holloway, T., Pradhan, A.K., Magnetic behavior of nanocrystalline CoFe2O4, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2011, 323, 1616–1622.
[3]         Chaterji, S., Kwon, I.K., Park, K., Smart polymeric gels: Redefining the limits of biomedical devices, Progress in Polymer Science, 2007, 32, 1083–1122.
[4]         Zhang, J., Huang, S., Xue, Y., Zhuo, R., Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Nanoparticle-Incorporated PNIPAAm Hydrogels with Fast Shrinking Kinetics, Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2005, 26, 1346–1350.
[5]         Choi, H.S., Kim, J.M., Lee, K.-J., Bae, Y.C., Swelling behavior of thermosensitiveN-isopropylacrylamide-ethylN-acryloylglycine submicron-sized copolymer gel particles, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1998, 69, 799–806.
[6]         Ward, M.A., Georgiou, T.K., Thermoresponsive Polymers for Biomedical Applications, Polymers, 2011, 3, 1215–1242.
[7]         Tanaka, T., Dynamics of critical concentration fluctuations in gels, Physical Review A,1978, 17, 763–766.
[8]         Charlet, G., Delmas, G., Thermodynamic properties of polyolefin solutions at high temperature: 1. Lower critical solubility temperatures of polyethylene, polypropylene and ethylene-propylene copolymers in hydrocarbon solvents, Polymer, 1981, 22, 1181–1189.
[9]         Taşdelen, B., Kayaman-Apohan, N., MISIrlI, Z., Güven, O., Baysal, B.M., Preparation, characterization, and drug-release properties of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microspheres having poly(itaconic acid) graft chains, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2005, 97, 1115–1124.
[10]       Macková, H., Horák, D., Effects of the reaction parameters on the properties of thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microspheres prepared by precipitation and dispersion polymerization, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 2006, 44, 968–982.
[11]       Uludag, H., Norrie, B., Kousinioris, N., Gao, T., Engineering temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) polymers as carriers of therapeutic proteins, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2001, 73, 510–521.
[12]       Taylor, L.D., Cerankowski, L.D., Preparation of films exhibiting a balanced temperature dependence to permeation by aqueous solutions—a study of lower consolute behavior, Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition, 1975, 13, 2551–2570.
[13]       Shah, S. a., Asdi, M.H., Hashmi, M.U., Umar, M.F., Awan, S.U., Thermo-responsive copolymer coated MnFe 2O 4 magnetic nanoparticles for hyperthermia therapy and controlled drug delivery, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2012, 137, 365–371.
[14]       Yao, A., Chen, Q., Ai, F., Wang, D., Huang, W., Preparation and characterization of temperature-responsive magnetic composite particles for multi-modal cancer therapy, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 2011, 22, 2239–2247.
[15]       Xu, X.-D., Wei, H., Zhang, X.-Z., Cheng, S.-X., Zhuo, R.-X., Fabrication and characterization of a novel composite PNIPAAm hydrogel for controlled drug release., Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A, 2007, 81, 418–26.
[16]       Sun, S., H. Zeng, D.B. Robinson, S. Raoux, et al., Monodisperse MFe2O4 (M = Fe, Co, Mn) nanoparticles., Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2004, 126, 273–9
[17]       Jung, H., Jang, M., Nah, J., Kim, Y., Synthesis and characterization of thermosensitive nanoparticles based on PNIPAAm core and chitosan shell structure, Macromolecular Research, 2009, 17, 265–270.
[18]       Zhang, X.-Z., Wang, F.-J., Chu, C.-C., Thermoresponsive hydrogel with rapid response dynamics., Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine, 2003, 14, 451–5.
[19]       Jnaneshwara, D.M., Avadhani D.N., Daruka Prasad, B., Nagabhushana, B.M., Nagabhushana, H., Sharma, S.C., Prashantha, S.C., Shivakumara, C., Effect of zinc substitution on the nanocobalt ferrite powders for nanoelectronic devices, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2014, 587, 50–58.
[20]       Mourdikoudis, S., Liz-Marzán, L.M., Oleylamine in Nanoparticle Synthesis, Chemistry of Materials, 2013, 25, 1465–1476.
[21]       Schild, H.G., Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): experiment, theory and application, Progress in Polymer Science, 1992, 17, 163–249.
[22]       Hirokawa, Y., Tanaka T., Sato Matsuo E., Erratum: Volume phase transition in a nonionic gel [J. Chem. Phys. 81, 6379 (1984)], The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1992, 96, 8641.
[23]       Serpe, M.J., Self-Assembly of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgel Thin Films, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004.
[24]       Hoogenboom, R., Temperature-responsive polymers: properties, synthesis and applications, in: Smart Polym. Their Appl., Elsevier, 2014.
[25]       Khan, A., Preparation and characterization of N-isopropylacrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer core-shell microgel particles, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2007, 313, 697–704.
[26]       Zhang, Q., Zha, L., Ma, J., Liang, B., A novel route to prepare pH- and temperature-sensitive nanogels via a semibatch process, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2009, 330, 330–336.
[27]       Li, S., Liu, X., Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of enzymatically degradable poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels for colon-specific drug delivery, Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 2008, 19, 1536–1542.