Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies

Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies

Development and Evaluation of a Bio-based Paint Coating Containing PVA Hydrogel–Chitosan for Passive Humidity Regulation and Antibacterial Performance in Indoor Building Environments

Document Type : Original Reaearch Article

Authors
Amirhoushang Soleimanizadeh 1
Mahtiam Shahbazi 2
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Architecture, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
10.30501/jamt.2026.591546.1369
Abstract
Indoor humidity control in contemporary architecture mainly depends on mechanical HVAC systems, which are energy-intensive and often insufficient to prevent moisture-induced microbial growth on interior surfaces. This research explores the transfer of part of the environmental regulation function from mechanical systems to building materials through a bio-based architectural coating that incorporates Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan (PVA/Chitosan) hydrogel into a water-based paint matrix. FTIR, SEM, DVS (isotherm analysis/GAB modeling), and CFU counting were used to evaluate the coating’s structure, moisture-buffering behavior, and antibacterial performance. FTIR confirmed hydrogen bonding within a stable polymer network, while SEM revealed a porous microstructure that facilitates vapor transport and temporary moisture storage. DVS results showed enhanced moisture uptake: the control absorbed 4.5% moisture at 90% RH, while Sample 2 and Sample 3 reached 7.5% and 19%, respectively, with Sample 3 approaching 26% near 100% RH. Antibacterial tests against Escherichia coli showed that Sample 3 reduced the bacterial load from 1.5 × 10⁶ to 8.5 × 10⁵ CFU/ml, corresponding to 43.33% growth inhibition. These findings demonstrate the potential of PVA/Chitosan-based coatings as multifunctional architectural materials for passive indoor humidity regulation and improved environmental hygiene.
Keywords
PVA/Chitosan Hydrogel
Bio Based Coating
Passive Humidity Control
Antibacterial Activity
Sustainable Architecture
Subjects
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Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies
Volume 15, Issue 2
Summer 2026
Pages 46-65

  • Receive Date 13 July 2026
  • Revise Date 18 July 2026
  • Accept Date 16 August 2026