Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies

Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies

The Effect of Milling Time and Rheological Properties to Achieve the Homogenize Phase and Microstructure of Poly Crystalline Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Ceramic

Authors
Fatemeh Mohammadi
omid Mirzaee
Mohammad Tajally
Semnan university, Department of Material engineering & Metallurgy, Semnan, Iran.
10.30501/jamt.2018.70380
Abstract
In this paper, polycrystalline yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramic was fabricated by slip casting using an aqueous mixture of Al2O3 and Y2O3 nano-powders and subsequent pressureless sintering. In order to achieve the best optimized milling time for casting, the stoichiometric ratio of raw powders were mixed in water and ball milled in different time periods ranging from 1 to 20 hr. FE-SEM images and BET test in different durations milling times were performed. The results showed that the best optimized time for achieve de-agglomerated powder mixtures is 16 hours. An optimal amount of dispersant for the suspension was found by measuring viscosity as a function of dispersant concentration. Then the powders were co-dispersed using 0.5 wt. % Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS) and 1.5 wt. % Dolapix CE64 as sintering aid and dispersant additives, respectively. 70 percent solid loading YAG slurry was prepared in deionized water, milled for different time periods, casted on the alumina molding and sintered at 1710 ˚C for 12 hr. The effect of ball milling time on the relative raw and final density, phase composition and final microstructure of the samples was investigated. The results showed that the samples were prepared by 16 hrs. ball milling time suspensions exhibited higher relative raw and final density and had more uniform microstructure. X-ray patterns showed that all samples were pure YAG phase
Keywords
Slip casting
Microstructure
YAG Polycrystalline Ceramic
Viscosity
Ball milling
  1. Mezeix, L., and Green, D.J., “Comparison of the  mechanical properties of single crystal and polycrystalline yttrium aluminum garnet,” International journal of applied ceramic technology, 2006, 3(2), 166–176.
  2. De la Rosa, E., Diaz-Torres, L., Salas, P., Arredondo, A., Montoya, J., Angeles, C., et al., “Low temperature synthesis and structural characterization of nanocrystalline YAG prepared by a modified sol–gel method,” Optical Materials, 2005, 27(12), 1793–1799.
  3. Li, X., Li, Q., Wang, J., Yang, S., and Liu, H., “Synthesis of Nd3+ doped nano-crystalline yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) powders leading to transparent ceramic,” Optical materials, 2007, 29(5), 528–531. 
  4.  Wen, L., Sun, X., Xiu, Z., Chen, S., and Tsai, C.-T., “Synthesis of nanocrystalline yttria powder and fabrication of transparent YAG ceramics,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2004, 24(9), 2681–2688.
  5. Chen, Z.H., Li, J.T., and Xu, J.J., “Fabrication of high transparent YAG ceramics by vacuum sintering at low temperature,” In Trans Tech Publ; 2008, Vol. 368, 420–422.
  6. Appiagyei, K.A., Messing, G.L., and Dumm, J.Q., “Aqueous slip casting of transparent yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramics,” Ceramics International, 2008, 34(5), 1309–1313.
  7. Chen, Z., Li, J., Xu, J., and Hu, Z., “Fabrication of YAG transparent ceramics by two-step sintering,” Ceramics International, 2008, 34(7), 1709–1712.
  8. Appiagyei, K.A., Messing, G.L., and Dumm, J.Q., “Aqueous slip casting of transparent yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramics,” Ceramics International, 2008, 34(5), 1309–1313.
  9. Wang, J., Zheng, S., Zeng, R., Dou, S., and Sun, X., “Microwave synthesis of homogeneous YAG nanopowder leading to a transparent ceramic,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009, 92(6), 1217–1223.
  10. Ikesue, A., Furusato, I., and Kamata, K., “Fabrication of Polycrystalline, Transparent YAG Ceramics by a Solid‐State Reaction Method,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1995, 78(1), 225–228.
  11. Ikesue, A., Kinoshita, T., Kamata, K., and Yoshida, K., “Fabrication and optical properties of high‐Performance polycrystalline Nd:YAG ceramics for solid‐State lasers,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1995, 78(4), 1033– 1040.
  12. Yagi, H., Yanagitani, T., Takaichi, K., Ueda, K., and Kaminskii, A.A., “Characterizations and laser performances of highly transparent Nd3+:Y3Al5O12 laser ceramics,” Optical Materials, 2007, 29(10), 1258–1262.
  13. Mouzon, J., Glowacki, E., Odén, M., “Comparison between slip-casting and uniaxial pressing for the fabrication of translucent yttria ceramics,” Journal of Materials Science, 2008, 43(8), 2849–2856.
  14. Hotta, Y., Tsugoshi, T., Nagaoka, T., Yasuoka, M., Nakamura, K., Watari, K., “Effect of oligosaccharide alcohol addition to alumina slurry and translucent alumina produced by slip casting,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2003, 86(5), 755–760.
  15. Xu, X., Fu, R., Ferreira, JM., “Effect of homogenizing procedures on the slip casting of reaction sialon suspensions,” Ceramics international, 2004, 30(5), 745–749.
  16. Guo, W., Cao, Y., Huang, Q., Li, J., Huang, J., Huang, Z., et al., “Fabrication and laser behaviors of Nd: YAG ceramic microchips,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2011, 31(13, 2241–2246.
  17. Ji, X., Deng, J., Kang, B., Huang, H., Wang, X., Jing, W., et al., “Fabrication of transparent neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet ceramics by high solid loading suspensions.” Ceramics International, 2013, 39(7), 7921–7926.
  18. Guo, W., Huang, J., Lin, Y., Huang, Q., Fei, B., Chen, J., et al., “A low viscosity slurry system for fabricating chromium doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Cr:YAG) transparent ceramics,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2015, 35(14), 3873–3878.
  19. Esposito, L., Piancastelli, A., “Role of powder properties and shaping techniques on the formation of pore-free YAG aterials,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2009, 29(2), 317–322.
  20. Lewis, J.A., “Colloidal processing of ceramics.” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2000, 83(10), 2341–2359.
  21. Liu, J., Lin, L., Li, J., Liu, J., Yuan, Y., Ivanov, M., et al., “Effects of ball milling time on microstructure evolution and optical transparency of Nd:YAG ceramics,” Ceramics International, 2014, 40(7), 9841–9851.
  22. Omura, N., Hotta ,Y., Sato, K., Kinemuchi, Y., Kume, S., Watari, K., “Wet jet milling of Al2O3 slurries,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2007, 27(2), 733–737.
  23. Maiti, K., Sil, A., “Preparation of rare earth oxide doped alumina ceramics, their hardness and fracture toughness determinations,” Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, 2006, 13(5), 443.
  24. Ba, X., Li, J., Pan, Y., Zeng, Y., Liu, W., Jiang, B., et al., “Influences of solid loadings on the microstructures and the optical properties of Yb:YAG ceramics,” International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2015, 12(2), 418–425.
  25.  Boulesteix, R., Boulesteix, Maitre, A., Baumard, J.F., Salle, C., Rabinovitch, Y., “Mechanism of the liquid-phase sintering for Nd:YAG ceramics,” Optical Materials, 2009, 31 (5), 711– 715. 
  26. Lee, S.H., Kochawattana, S., Messing, G.L., Dumm, J.Q., Quarles, G., Castillo, V., “Solid-State Reactive Sintering of Transparent Polycrystalline Nd: YAG Ceramics,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2006, 89 (6), 1945–1950. 
  27.  Kinsman, K. M., McKittrick, J., Sluzky, E., Hesse, K., “Phase Development and Luminescence in Chromium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG:Cr) Phosphors,”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1994, 77 (11), 2866–2872.
  28. Kong, LB., Huang, Y., Que, W., Zhang, T., Li, S., Zhang, J., et al., “Transparent Ceramics,” Springer, 2015.

 

Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies
Volume 6, Issue 4
Spring 2017
Pages 39-46