Document Type : Research Review Article
Authors
1 MSc Student, Department of Biomedical engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3 PhD Student, Department of Biomedical engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Skin, as the largest body organ, performs several functions namely creating a protective barrier against microorganisms and regulating body temperature. For this reason, maintenance of skin integrity and health is of high importance. This tissue can repair itself in limited damages; however, under some conditions such as severe burns, extensive and deep damage, and chronic wounds, skin loses its ability to completely repair itself. For this reason, the products that help repair the wound are needed. Such skin products are prepared through skin tissue engineering. In this respect, extensive research has been done, and natural and synthetic materials with different potentials were used to prepare wound dressings. One of these materials is the eggshell membrane which is a fibrous structure between the inner layer of the mineral shell and the egg white. This membrane has attracted a number of researchers’ attention due to its porous structure, biocompatibility, availability, non-contamination, containing natural proteins and compounds similar to the extracellular matrix, and low cost. It has many applications in medicine, among which is preparation of wound dressings and wound healing products with promising results. In this study, eggshell membrane is introduced as a natural biomaterial. Further, its application in wound healing and preparation of wound dressings are reviewed.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Aggarwal, A., & Sah, M. K. (2022). Eggshell membrane in skin tissue engineering and wound healing. In Natural Polymers in Wound Healing and Repair (pp. 417-435). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90514-5.00007-9
- Asato, R, Shinya, N., Ishizawa, Y., Harano, S., (1971), Wound covering material, S. Patent 20,120,177,718, Available at: https://patents.google.com/patent/US20120177718A1/en (Accessed: 12 July 2012).
- Balassa, L.L., (1971), Process for using eggshell compositions for promoting wound healing, S. Patent No. 3,558,771, Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available at: https://patents.google.com/patent/US3558771A/en
- Balaz, M. (2014), Eggshell membrane biomaterial as a platform for applications in materials science, Acta Biomaterialia, 10(9), 3827–3843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2014.03.020
- Behyari, M., Imani, R., & Keshvari, H. (2021), Evaluation of Silk Fibroin Nanofibrous Dressing Incorporating Niosomal Propolis, for Potential Use in Wound Healing, Fibers and Polymers, 22(8), 2090-2101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0973-2
- Bello, M., Abdullah, F., Mahmood, W.M.A.W., Malek, N.A.N.N., Jemon, K., Siddiquee, S., Chee, T.Y. & Sathishkumar, P. (2022), Electrospun poly (Ɛ-caprolactone)-eggshell membrane nanofibrous mat as a potential wound dressing material, Biochemical Engineering, 187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2022.108563
- Blaine, R.C., & Ngo, T.D. (2019), Wound care product with egg shell membrane, S. Patent No. 10,166,260, Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available at: https://patents.google.com/patent/US10166260B2/en (Accessed: 24 May 2013).
- Bowler, P.G., (2002), Wound pathophysiology, infection and therapeutic options, Anals of Medicine, 34(6), 419-427. https://doi.org/10.1080/078538902321012360
- Briggs, E., Mensah, R.A., Patel, K.D., Mandakhbayar, N.E., Sharifulden, N.S., Erdogan, Z.K., Silva, L.V.B., Salim, K., Kim, H.W., Nguyen, L.T., & Chau, D.Y. (2022), Therapeutic Application of an Ag-Nanoparticle-PNIPAAm-Modified Eggshell Membrane Construct for Dermal Regeneration and Reconstruction, Pharmaceutics, 14(10), https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102162
- Chen, L., Kang, J., & Sukigara, S. (2014), Preparation and characterization of polyurethane/soluble eggshell membrane nanofibers , Bio-medical materials and engineering, 24(6), 1979-1989. https://doi.org/10.3233/BME-141007
- Choi, H.J., Kim, Y.M., Suh, J.Y., & Han, J.Y. (2021), Beneficial effect on rapid skin wound healing through carboxylic acid-treated chicken eggshell membrane, Materials Science and Engineering: C, 128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2021.112350
- Choi, J., Pant, B., Lee, C., Park, M., Park, S.J., & Kim, H.Y. (2017), Preparation and characterization of eggshell membrane/PVA hydrogel via electron beam irradiation technique Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 47, 41-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.11.014
- Dadashzadeh, A., Imani, R., Moghassemi, S., Omidfar, K., & Abolfathi, N. (2020), Study of hybrid alginate/gelatin hydrogel-incorporated niosomal Aloe vera capable of sustained release of Aloe vera as potential skin wound dressing, Polymer Bulletin, 77(1), 387-403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-019-02753-8
- Faghihi, F., Khoraminia, F., & Imani, R. (2019), Immune-Mediated Tissue Regeneration Driven by a Biomaterial Scaffold: An Innovative Regenerative Medicine Strategy, Pathobiology Research, 22(3), 159–172. http://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article-30-31312-en.html
- Ghorbanzadeh Sheish, S., Emadi, R., Ahmadian, M., Sadeghzade, S. & Tavangarian, F. (2021), Fabrication and characterization of polyvinylpyrrolidone-eggshell membrane-reduced graphene oxide nanofibers for tissue engineering applications, Polymers, 13(6), https://doi.org/2073-4360/13/6/913
- Guarderas, F., Leavell, Y., Sengupta, T., Zjukova, M., & Megraw, T.L. (2016), Assessment of chicken-egg membrane as a dressing for wound healing, Advaces in Skin & Wound Care, 29(3), 131-134. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASW.0000480359.58866.e9
- Guha Ray, P., Pal, P., Srivas, P.K., Basak, P., Roy, S., & Dhara, S. (2018), Surface modification of eggshell membrane with electrospun chitosan/polycaprolactone nanofibers for enhanced dermal wound healing, ACS Applied Bio Materials, 1(4), 985-998. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.8b00169
- Guo, S. A., & Dipietro, L.A. (2010), Factors affecting wound healing, Journal of Dental Research, 89(3), 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034509359125
- Hajian, M., Mahmoodi, M., & Imani, R. (2017), In vitro assessment of poly (vinyl alcohol) film incorporating aloe vera for potential application as a wound dressing, Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B, 56(7), 435–450. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222348.2017.1330183
- Hakam, M.S., Imani, R., Abolfathi, N., Fakhrzadeh, H., & Sharifi, A.M. (2016), Evaluation of fibrin-gelatin hydrogel as biopaper for application in skin bioprinting: An in-vitro study, Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, 27(6), 669–682. Doi: 10.3233/BME-161617
- Han, Ch., Chen, Y., Shi, L., Chen, H., Li, L., Ning, Z., Zeng, D. & Wang, D. (2023), Advances in eggshell membrane Separation and solubilization technologies, Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1116126
- Imani, R., & Nour, Sh. (2019). Introduction to engineered wound dressings for skin regeneration: Angiogenic approaches in healing, Amirkabir university of technology, http://publication.aut.ac.ir/en/book/show/255142
- Jia, J., Liu, G., Yu, J. & Duan, Y. (2012), Preparation and characterization of soluble eggshell membrane protein/PLGA electrospun nanofibers for guided tissue regeneration membrane, Journal of Nanomaterials, 25-25. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/282736
- Jia, J., Duan, Y.Y., Yu, J., & Lu, J.W. (2008), Preparation and immobilization of soluble eggshell membrane protein on the electrospun nanofibers to enhance cell adhesion and growth, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A: An Official Journal of The Society for Biomaterials, The Japanese Society for Biomaterials, and The Australian Society for Biomaterials and the Korean Society for Biomaterials, 86(2), 364-373. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.31606
- Khorshidi, S., Mohebbali, M., Imani, R., Mahmoodi, M., & Solouk, A. (2020), Electrospun fibroin/graphene oxide nanocomposite mats: An optimization for potential wound dressing applications, Fibers and Polymers, 21(3), 480–488. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-020-9465-z
- Kwnny, E., Schmidt, R, (2016), Tissue engineering scaffolds comprising particulate egg shell membrane, Google Patent 5,392,873, Available at: https://patents.google.com/patent/GB201511579D0/enl
- Li, J. Zhai, D., Lv, F., Yu, Q., Ma, H., Yin, J., Yi, Z., Liu, M., Chang, J. & Wu, C. (2016), Preparation of copper-containing bioactive glass/eggshell membrane nanocomposites for improving angiogenesis, antibacterial activity and wound healing, Acta Biomaterialia, 36, 254–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.011
- Li, X., Cai, Z., Ahn, D.U., & Huang, X. (2019), Development of an antibacterial nanobiomaterial for wound-care based on the absorption of AgNPs on the eggshell membrane, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 183, 110449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110449
- Li, X., Ma, M., Ahn, D.U., & Huang, X. (2019), Preparation and characterization of novel eggshell membrane-chitosan blend films for potential wound-care dressing: From waste to medicinal products, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 123, 477-484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.215
- Lisovsky, A., Chamberlain M.D., Wells, L.A., & Sefton, M.V. (2015), Cell interactions with vascular regenerative MAA‐based materials in the context of wound healing, Advanced Healthcare Materials, 4(16), 2375–2387. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201500192
- Liu, M. Luo, G., Wang, Y., Xu, R., Wang, Y., He, W., Tan, J., Xing, M. & Wu, J. (2017), Nano-silver-decorated microfibrous eggshell membrane: processing, cytotoxicity assessment and optimization, antibacterial activity and wound healing, Scientific Reports, 7(1), 436. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00594-x.
- Liu, M., Luo, G., Wang, Y., & Kianpour Rad, M. (2017), Preparation method and application of egg shell membrane composite nano-silver thin film used for artificial skin, Scientific Reports, https://patents.google.com/patent/CN106310385A/en
- Liu, M., Liu, T., Zhang, X., Jian, Z., Xia, H., Yang, J., Hu, X., Xing, M., Luo, G. & Wu, J. (2019), Fabrication of KR-12 peptide-containing hyaluronic acid immobilized fibrous eggshell membrane effectively kills multi-drug-resistant bacteria, promotes angiogenesis and accelerates re-epithelialization, International Journal of Nanomedicine, 14, 3345-3360. https://doi.org/2147/IJN.S199618
- Mescher, A.L. (2009), Junqueira’s Basic Histology Text and Atlas, McGraw-Hill Medical; 12th edition (August 28, 2009). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259781206
- Mirzababaeiy, S.A., Mahmoodi, M., & Mohebat, R. (2018), Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrogel Loaded Curcumin Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles as Novel Wound Dressing s, Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies, 7(1), 53-63. https://doi.org/10.30501/jamt.2018.91681
- Mogosanu, G.D., & Grumezescu, A.M. (2014), Natural and synthetic polymers for wounds and burns dressing, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 463(2), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.12.015
- Mohammadzadeh, L., Rahbarghazi, R., Salehi, R., & Mahkam, M. (2019), A novel egg-shell membrane based hybrid nanofibrous scaffold for cutaneous tissue engineering, Journal of Biological Engineering, 13, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-019-0208-x
- Moura, L. I., Dias, A. M., Carvalho, E., & de Sousa, H. C. (2013), Recent advances on the development of wound dressings for diabetic foot ulcer treatment—A review, Acta Biomaterialia, 9(7), 7093–7114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2013.03.033
- Naderi-Meshkin, j., Amirkhah, R., Heirani-Tabasi, A., & Maqsood, M. I. (2018), Critical issues in successful production of skin substitutes for wound healing, Journal of Genes and Cells, 4(1), 10-32. https://doi.org/10.15562/gnc.63
- Najafloo, R., Behyari, M., Imani, R., & Nour, S. (2020), A mini-review of Thymol incorporated materials: Applications in antibacterial wound dressing, Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101904
- Nour, S., Baheiraei, N., Imani, R., Khodaei, M., Alizadeh, A., Rabiee, N., & Moazzeni, S.M. (2019), A review of accelerated wound healing approaches: biomaterial-assisted tissue remodeling, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 30(120), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-019-6319-6
- Nour, S., Baheiraei, N., Imani, R., Rabiee, N., Khodaei, M., Alizadeh, A., & Moazzeni, S.M. (2019), Bioactive materials: a comprehensive review on interactions with biological microenvironment based on the immune response, Journal of Bionic Engineering, 16(4), 563–581. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42235-019-0046-z
- Nour, S., Imani, R., & Sharifi, A.M. (2022), Angiogenic Effect of a Nanoniosomal Deferoxamine-Loaded Poly (vinyl alcohol)–Egg White Film as a Promising Wound Dressing, ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, 8(8), 3485-3497. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00046
- Nour, S., Imani, R., Chaudhry, G.R., & Sharifi, A.M. (2021), Skin wound healing assisted by angiogenic targeted tissue engineering: A comprehensive review of bioengineered approaches, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 109(4), 453-478. https://org/10.1002/jbm.a.37105
- Nour, S., Imani, R., Mehrabani, M., Solouk, A., Iranpour, M., Jalili-Firoozinezhad, S., & Sharifi, A.M. (2023), Biomimetic hybrid scaffold containing niosomal deferoxamine promotes angiogenesis in full-thickness wounds, Materials Today Chemistry, 27, 101314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.101314
- Ohta-Fujita, E., Konno, T., Shimizu, M., Ishihara, K., Sugitate, T., Miyake, J., Yoshimura, K., Taniwaki, K., Sakurai, T., Hasebe, Y. & Atomi, Y. (2011), Hydrolyzed eggshell membrane immobilized on phosphorylcholine polymer supplies extracellular matrix environment for human dermal fibroblasts, Cell and Tissue Research, 345(1), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-011-1172-z
- Park, S. Choi, K.S., Lee, D., Kim, D., Lim, K.T., Lee, K.H., Seonwoo, H. & Kim, J. (2016), Eggshell membrane: Review and impact on engineering, Biosystems Engineering, 151, 446–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2016.10.014
- Park, S., Kim, T., Gwon, Y., Kim, S., Kim, D., Park, H.H., Lim, K.T., Jeong, H.E., Kim, K. & Kim, J. (2019), Graphene-Layered eggshell membrane as a flexible and functional scaffold for enhanced proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, ACS Applied Bio Materials, 2(10), 4242-4248. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.9b00525
- Pasarin, D., & Rovinaru, C. (2019), Separation Methods of the Eggshell Membranes from Eggshell, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 29(1), https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019029122
- Patkar, S., Maniar, D., Pillai, M. M., Saha, R., & Tayalia, P. (2021), A bilayered skin substitute developed using an eggshell membrane crosslinked gelatin–chitosan cryogel, Biomaterials Science, 23, 7921-7933. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1BM01194D
- Pillai, M. M., Saha, R., & Tayalia, P. (2023), Avian eggshell membrane as a material for tissue engineering: A review, Materials Science, 1-22. https://doi.org/ 1007/s10853-023-08434-2
- Sah, M.K., & Pramanik, K. (2014). Soluble‐eggshell‐membrane‐protein‐modified porous silk fibroin scaffolds with enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation properties, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 131(8), https://doi.org/10.1002/app.40138
- Sah, M.K., & Rath, S.N. (2016), Soluble eggshell membrane: a natural protein to improve the properties of biomaterials used for tissue engineering applications, Materials Science and Engineering: C, 67, 807–821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.005
- Sarheed, O., Ahmed, A., Shouqair, D., & Boateng, J. (2016), Antimicrobial dressings for improving wound healing, Wound Healing: Insights into Ancient Challenges, 373-98. https://dx.doi.org/10.5772/63961
- Wagner, W.R, Sakiyama-Elbert, S.E, Zhang, G., & Yaszemski, M. (2020), Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine, Netherlands, Elsevier Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-02323-6
- Xiong, X., Li, Q., Lu, J.W., Guo, Z.X., Sun, Z.H. & Yu, J. (2012), Fibrous scaffolds made by co-electrospinning soluble eggshell membrane protein with biodegradable synthetic polymers, Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 23(9), 1217-1230. https://doi.org/10.1163/092050611X576981
- Yi, F., Guo, Z.X., Zhang, L.X., Yu, J., & Li, Q. (2004), Soluble eggshell membrane protein: preparation, characterization and biocompatibility, Biomaterials, 25(19), 4591–4599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.11.052
- Yi, F., Lu, J.W., Guo, Z.X., & Yu, J. (2006), Mechanical properties and biocompatibility of soluble eggshell membrane protein/poly (vinyl alcohol) blend films, Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 17(9), 1015-1024. https://doi.org/10.1163/156856206778365997
- Zhang, Zh., et al., (2020), Postoperative anti-adhesion medical dressing and preparation method thereof, N. Patent 104,491,915, Available at: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN104491915A/en(Accessed: 5April 2017).